PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti (AP) — Haitians scarred by decades of poverty, political corruption and natural disasters cast ballots Sunday for president in hopes a new leader could do what others have not: Replace homes and schools in the earthquake-devastated capital, improve education and create some optimism for the future.
Voters chose between Michel “Sweet Micky” Martelly, a popular musician who has never held public office, and Mirlande Manigat, a former first lady and senator and longtime fixture on the political scene. Voters formed what for the most part were orderly lines, some shrugging off delays of three hours. Preliminary results are expected March 31.
“A lot of governments come through to make change for themselves and their families,” Jean-Claude Henry, a 43-year-old economist, said after he voted at a school in the Delmas section of Port-au-Prince, the capital. “We want radical change for the population.”
The vote was much calmer than the first round of voting in November, which was marred by disorganization, voter intimidation and allegations of widespread fraud. Disputed preliminary results had shown government-backed candidate Jude Celestin edging out Martelly for a spot in the runoff, but under international pressure, Haiti’s provisional electoral council reviewed the count and eliminated Celestin from the race.
Whoever wins will face enormous challenges in a country emerging from last year’s earthquake, which the government estimates killed more than 300,000 people. A multibillion-dollar reconstruction effort has stalled, and some 800,000 people still live in the camps that emerged around Port-au-Prince after the quake. Compounding the misery is a cholera outbreak that has killed more than 4,700 people and is expected to surge again with the rainy season.
“There is a lot of frustration,” said 28-year-old Jazon Didier, a computer scientist and Manigat supporter. “People want a change and a better life.”
Martelly seems to have captured the ardor of young jobless voters. Hundreds cheered him wildly like the pop star he is as he danced on the roof of an SUV after casting his ballot across the street from a tent encampment of people who lost homes in the earthquake.
Manigat, who touts her academic credentials and tells voters to call her mother, appeals to the country’s educated middle class, a sliver of the population in a largely poor nation of 10 million.
Two recently returned ghosts from Haiti’s past — Jean-Bertrand Aristide and Jean-Claude Duvalier — formed part of the backdrop to the election, but there was no evidence that either had any effect on it.
Former President Aristide returned to Haiti on Friday after seven years of exile in South Africa. The U.S. and others in the international community felt the popular but divisive figure could destabilize the election, but although he complained upon his arrival that his party had been excluded, he stayed out of sight Sunday.
Duvalier, the infamous dictator known as “Baby Doc” who was forced from the country in 1986, made a surprise return in January. He remains in Haiti but has laid low as a judge investigates whether criminal charges should be filed against him.
Edmond Mulet, head of the U.N. mission that has maintained order in Haiti since 2004, said he was confident the election would go well.
“Everything is peaceful, more or less OK,” Mulet said as he toured polling stations. He said participation appeared to be higher than the Nov. 28 first round.
While there was no widespread violence, there were clashes between rival political factions in two separate incidents in rural areas that left two people dead from gunshot wounds, Haitian police chief Mario Andresol told reporters. Haiti’s electoral council, which kept polling stations open an extra hour because of delays opening some of them, reported only scattered problems.
Martelly and Manigat have similar agendas, promising to build homes, foster economic growth and make education universal in a country where only half the children attend school. Both have said they want to restore Haiti’s armed forces, eliminated by Aristide in 1995 after a long history of abuses.
But their backgrounds could not be more distinct: Manigat is a 70-year-old university administrator and former senator; Martelly is a 50-year-old master of Haitian compas music who has no college degree and a history of crude onstage antics.
“In the past, he wasn’t a politician; he was an artist,” said Beatrice Antonio, a 20-year-old Martelly supporter, eager to shrug off the past. “He’s young and maybe he has different ideas.”
It is precisely his lack of political background that appeals to 40-year-old truck driver Jean Robert Pierre.
“We don’t need experience,” said Pierre, who said in the past he was a supporter of Aristide, long a champion of the poor. “We need someone who can work.”
Marlene Telusena, a 38-year-old nurse, wouldn’t exactly say for whom she voted, but made it clear her priorities were in line with those of Manigat. Telusena said she wanted to see a change in the education system so more kids could attend school in Haiti and overseas.
“We need diligence and morality to return to Haiti, because the youth must be able to take this country seriously,” Telusena said. “We need competent leadership to achieve real change. I don’t want to reveal my vote, but it’s going to someone who is moral, experienced, and who the international community would consider serious.”
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Associated Press writer Jacob Kushner contributed to this report.
